Soap composition



TATES P QFFICE SOAP COMPOSITION Herbert KennetEMcClain, Wyoming, Ohio,as-

signor to The Procter and Gamble Company, Ivorydale; Ohio, a corporationoi Ohio No Drawing. Application'August 22, 1944, Serial No. 550,671

8 Claims. (Cl. 252-368) v 1 w 2 This invention relates to thestabilization of those products containing a proportion of rosin soap orsoap products, and more particularly'to soap.

the prevention or retardation of the development According to myinvention polyethylene polyof1 rancldity and customary accompanyingdisamines of the formula 6 HzN-CzI-k- (HN-CaI-Ia) rum It is an object ofthe present invention to improve the quality of soap prgducts especiallywherein a: is a whole number of 1 or more efiecwith respect to theirkeeping quality a ide tively prevent or retard to a desired degree theby their tendency to become rancid or discolor. development of rancidityin p P ts an It is known that many soap rodu t wi11 d1 1 especiallythose which contain a proportion of color and develop a rancid odor onaging and rosin soap and which are readily susceptible to that thisproperty is especially characteristic of the development of rancidity.Of the polyethsoap products prepared from fat hi th ylene polyaminesreferred to, those in which the selves are susceptible to thedevelopment of ram Value 0f 11 is from 1 t0 are P l rly W l cidity.These undesirable changes in the soap is suited for use in the practiceof the invention. product are in part due to c nditi of storage 0!outstanding value as preservatives are diethand handling, but in themain the development ylene triamine, triet y tetrhmine and tetraofrancidity is more pronounced in products ethylene pentamine, that is,those polyamlnes which have become contaminated during processhavingValues f 2 and 3 respectlv ying with a small amount of an agent, h asmercial mixtures of these various amines may copper for example, whichwill promote rancidity. 11130116 pl d t ood fiect. I

Many preservatives have been suggested for In e range of ordina y d t Ifind t at use in the prevention or retardation of the den amount f the phyl e p yamine Which velopment of rancidity in such soaps, and theirwill give good results will be from about 0.02 per efiectiveness hasbeen well established. 5 cent to about 0.1 per cent of the weight of theRecently, because of fat shortages, it has be- J Amounts above d belowthis range, come necessary to suplement normal fat requlrehowever, Such5 0-005 p cent to 1 P cent o ments for soap manufacture with rosin andthe the e t of e 2p will s greser tive use of this material has intruced problems in action also and y employed if rancidlty which have noth r etofore been en- In producing the stable soap P s of the countered.For example, it has been noted that plil'esent inhvlention theenpgrestervative isd addedflto soap products in particle form such asflakes, e -P y 00m! 811 manner uring 8 spray dried granules, etc.,having a. relatively iuguzg crutchingt'or othielrlniixingoperatioriawheret-1 l rge surface area per unit weight and a rel'a- .t epreserva ive w uniformly dis ribute tlvely low moisture content andprepared from thlflughvut. t e nt re soap mass. Distribution fatmixtures containing rosin, develop undesired ybe ess sted by dissolv g emine in fl-e rancidity and accompanying discoloration much tier, but Ihavefound that this is unnecessary faster than do similar productsprepared from and that effective distribution may be brought comparablerat formulas containing no rosin. P in the same manner that used m Theamount of rosin does not appear critical. 40 33 perfume gg g Smallamounts such as 1 per cent to 2 per cent 23 figg gg oroum g gf g $26will enhance the development of rancidity in Soap, the i mm is convertedinto the desired the soap products prepared from such mixtures, productform and larger amounts W111 have eveln greater The effectivepreservative action of the polyethiect. I have discovered further thatsuch soap ylene polyammes is noted in soap products of Productscontaining rosin Soap are not all kinds, but, as previously pointed out,their pre r against the development 0f ralmldity outstanding value liesin their use in granular y e ts which ave b e efiectively d heretypesoap products containing a proportion of tofore in ordinary soapproducts. As a. matter rosin soap.

of fact, I have obtained evidence indicating that The following exampleswil1 illustrate the man.

some of the preservatives which are efiective in ner in which myinvention may be practiced, but retarding the development of rancidityin ordiit is to be understood that the invention is not to nary soapgranules and flakes, for example, acbe limited to the specificconditions recited tually promote the development of rancidity intherein.

Example 1.--A mixture consisting of 86.7% of i combination of tallow andgrease having a titer n the neighborhood of 40 and 13.3% rosin was:onverted into kettle soap in the usual way by reatment with causticsoda solution. After the isual boiling and washing operations, thekettle cap was crutched, during which 0.05% by weight If triethylenetetramine was uniformly distriblted throughout the soap mass. A spraydried ioap product was prepared from this mixture in ;he usual manner,for example as disclosed in Jnited States Patent No. 1,652,900. In anac- :elerated rancidity development test involving exposure of the spraydried product for three lays at 120 F. to the atmosphere, the productleveloped a peroxide value of 2.5. A spray dried roduct corresponding inevery way with the samale prepared above except that the triethyleneietramine was omitted developed a peroxide value 58 under the same test.These peroxide -valies, translated into results of shelf storage testsinder normal conditions, indicate that the prodict without preservativewill go rancid in one nonth whereas the product containingthe-preservative will stay fresh for many months.

Example 2.-A mixture of 95% of a combination of tallow and grease havinga titer n the neighborhood of 40 and 5% rosin was saponifled in thekettle 'with caustic soda solution, then coiled and washed in thecustomary manner. In ahe crutching operation 0.10% by weight oftriethylene tetramine was uniformly distributed throughout the soapmass. Thereafterthe soap was converted into thin flake form, for examleby the flake forming process disclosed in United States Patent No.2,295,596. In the ac- :elerated rancidity development test described inExample 1 the soap flakes developed a peroxide value of 0.4 and remainedfresh for many months in a shelf storage test whereas a productcorresponding in every way except that it contained no triethylenetetramine preservative developed a peroxide value of 9.0 in theaccelerated test and became rancid in about one month in the shelfstoragetest.

Soap products prepared from fat formulas other than that shown in theexample will also be improved by the addition of the polyethylenepolyamine preservatives of my invention. Thus the invention may beemployed to advantage in the production of soap products fromrosin-con-v of which a minor proportion is rosin soap and;

as a rancidity and discoloration inhibitor, a polyethylene polyamine ofthe formula HzN-CzHr (HN-CzHO run,

wherein :c is a whole number from 1 to 5, the said product being insmall particle form and having a relatively large surface area per unitweight and a relatively low moisture content substantially correspondingto that of flake and spray dried granular soap products.

4. A soap product comprising essentially soap of which a minorproportion is rosin soap and, as a rancidity and discolorationinhibitor, from about 0.005 per cent to about 1 per cent by weight ofdiethylene triamine, the said product being in small particle form andhaving a relatively large surface area per unit weight and a relativelylow moisture content substantially corresponding to that of flake andspray dried granular soap products.

5. A soap product comprising essentially soap of which a minorproportion is rosin soap and, as a rancidity and discolorationinhibitor, from Y about 0.005 per cent to about 1 per cent by weight oftriethylene tetrarnine, the said product being in small particle formand having a relatively large surface area per unit weight and arelatively low moisture content substantially correr sponding to that offlake and spray dried granuabout 0.005 per cent to about 1 per cent byweight taining formulas including various tallows and greases, coconutoil, cottonseed foots fatty acid. etc.

I have also found in the course of my work on the invention that themineral acid salts. for

of tetraethylene pentamine, the said product being in small particleform and having a.re1atively large surface area per unit weight and arelatively low moisture content substantially corresponding to that offlake and spray dried granexample, the sulfates oi the polyethylenepoly- Having thus described my invention, what I' 1 claim and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is: 05

l. The process of inhibiting the development of rancidity anddiscoloration in a granular soap product prepared from a fat formulacontaining a, minor proportion of rosin, which comprises incorporatingwith the soap a polyethylene poly-- amine of the formula H2N'C2H4'(HN'CsHO :NH:

wherein a: is a whole number from 1 to 3.

2. A soap product comprising essentially soap tion is rosin soap and, asa rancidity and discol-* f ular soap products.

7. A soap product in flake form comprising essentially soap of which aminor proportion is rosin soap and, as a rancidity and discolorationinhibitor, from about 0.02 per cent to about 0.1 per cent by weight or apolyethylene polyarnine oi the formula "wherein a: is a whole numberfrom 1 to 3.

8. A soap product in spray dried form comprising essentially soap ofwhich a minor propororation inhibitor, from. about 0.02 per cent toabout 0.1 per cent'of a commercial mixture of polyethylene polyamineconsisting essentially of amines of the formula HaN-CaHr (HN-CzHOrN'H:

wherein a: is a whole number from 1 to 3.

HERBERT KENNETH McCLAIN.

